Which vitamins have antioxidant properties?

• A. Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin E
• B. Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin K
• C. Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E
• D. Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B3

Answer: (A)

Antioxidants protect cells by neutralizing free radicals that can cause damage during normal metabolism or from environmental stresses. Vitamin C is a water‑soluble antioxidant that donates electrons to reactive species and can also help regenerate oxidized vitamin E. Vitamin E is fat‑soluble and sits in cell membranes, where it acts as a chain‑breaking antioxidant to stop lipid peroxidation. The vitamin A group includes provitamin A carotenoids like beta‑carotene, which can quench singlet oxygen and scavenge free radicals, contributing antioxidant protection. Vitamins D and K, or the B vitamins, don’t play major antioxidant roles in the way A (carotenoids), C, and E do. So, vitamins A, C, and E are the ones typically recognized for antioxidant properties.